HOTS

water pollution explained

HOTS | Pollution & Plastics | Why should we not throw plastic bottles into the river?

Water pollution (or aquatic pollution) is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities, so that it negatively affects its uses.  Water bodies include lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, reservoirs and groundwater. Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into these water bodies. Water pollution can be attributed to one of four sources: sewage discharges, industrial activities, agricultural activities, and urban runoff…

summer solstice

Summer solstice in India

The summer solstice, also called the estival solstice or midsummer, occurs when one of Earth’s poles has its maximum tilt toward the Sun. It happens twice yearly, once in each hemisphere (Northern and Southern). For that hemisphere, the summer solstice is the day with the longest period of daylight and shortest night of the year, when the Sun is at its highest highest position in…

Heat - Understanding Conduction

Heat – Understanding Conduction

Thermal conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic collisions of particles and movement of electrons within a body. The colliding particles, which include molecules, atoms, and electrons, transfer disorganized microscopic kinetic and potential energy when joined, known as internal energy. Conduction takes place in most phases: solid, liquid,…

Convection Experiment | Heat

Convection Experiment | Heat

Heat transfer is the transfer of heat or thermal energy between physical systems. So when there is a temperature difference between two bodies, heat is transferred from the hot body to the colder body. There are three common modes of heat transfer – conduction, convection, and radiation. In this article,…

osmosis experiment

What is Osmosis? |Potato Experiment

Osmosis is a vital process in biological systems, as biological membranes are semipermeable. In general, these membranes are impermeable to large and polar molecules, such as ions, proteins, and polysaccharides, while being permeable to non-polar or hydrophobic molecules like lipids as well as to small molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide,…

thermos flask working

How Does A Thermos Flask Work?

The vacuum flask consists of two vessels, one placed within the other and joined at the neck. The gap between the two vessels is partially evacuated of air, creating a partial-vacuum which reduces heat conduction or convection. Heat transfer by thermal radiation may be minimized by silvering flask surfaces facing…

refrigeration cycle

Why Is The Back Of A Refrigerator Painted Black?

It could simply be that black paint is cheaper… But I believe that the external coils on the back of refrigerator are painted black for the following reason: There is a rule in nature that says “a color that is better at absorbing heat is also better at radiating heat.” …

Heat - Understanding Conduction

Heat

According to heat definition, it is one of the essential forms of energy for the survival of life on earth. Transfer of heat takes place from one body to another due to difference in temperature as per thermodynamics. We use heat energy for various activities like cooking, ironing, transportation, recreation,…

Light explained

Light

No single answer to the question “What is light?” satisfies the many contexts in which light is experienced, explored, and exploited. The physicist is interested in the physical properties of light, the artist in an aesthetic appreciation of the visual world.

electric current explained

Electric current

  Current Current is the flow of particles in a particular direction. E.g air currents that cause winds or water currents. When particles flow in an electric circuit to produce electricity, it is called an electric current. Electric current The flow of electric charges in a circuit is called an…

Space and astronomy explained

Astronomy and Space

  Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences. The early civilizations in recorded history made methodical observations of the night sky. These include the Babylonians, Greeks, Indians, Egyptians, Chinese, Maya, and many ancient indigenous peoples of the Americas. In the past, astronomy included disciplines as diverse as astrometry, celestial…

water xylem-transpiration ncert cbse

Transpiration in Plants

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. Water is necessary for plants but only a small amount of water taken up by the roots is used for growth and metabolism. Mass flow of liquid water…